The Voluntary Early Retirement Authority (VERA) is a special option the federal government can offer during periods of restructuring, downsizing, or reorganization. When approved by the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), VERA allows eligible employees to retire earlier than usual while still receiving an immediate annuity.
Under VERA, you can retire at age 50 with 20 years of service, or at any age with 25 years. That’s a sharp contrast to the standard Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) requirements: MRA with 30 years of service, age 60 with 20 years, or age 62 with at least five years.
Pros of VERA
One of VERA’s biggest advantages is that you can leave federal service early without facing the permanent pension reduction that normally applies to early retirement. Your pension is still calculated using the standard FERS formula: Years of Service × High-3 Salary × 1%.
If you’ve been enrolled in the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) program for the previous five years, you can carry that coverage into retirement—same with Federal Employees’ Group Life Insurance (FEGLI), dental, vision, and long-term care if eligible. You’ll also get credit for unused sick leave in your pension calculation and receive a payout for any unused annual leave.
The FERS Special Retirement Supplement (SRS) can help bridge the gap until you qualify for Social Security at 62, although VERA retirees can only start receiving it once they reach their minimum retirement age. Early retirement also creates flexibility, opening the door to other careers or pursuits without impacting your annuity (although federal reemployment can trigger salary offsets).
Cons of VERA
The main trade-off is a smaller pension due to fewer years of service and, potentially, a lower high-3 salary. If you retire before your MRA, you’ll have to wait to receive the SRS, creating an income gap. Another drawback is that FERS cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) don’t begin until age 62, meaning your benefit won’t keep pace with inflation in those early years.
Leaving federal service early also stops your Thrift Savings Plan (TSP) contributions and agency match. Withdrawals before age 55 may trigger a 10% early withdrawal penalty. Finally, VERA isn’t always available; it requires both agency and OPM approval and is generally offered only during specific workforce reductions.
Talk to a Professional
VERA can be a valuable opportunity for those ready to transition out of federal service ahead of schedule, especially if you have strong savings or a post-retirement income plan. A Federal Retirement Consultant (FRC®) can help assess your financial readiness and tailor a plan to fill any shortfalls.
